Much has been made of recent, more severe changes in formaldehyde regulations as they apply to adhesives. These have been well-covered in previous SpecialChem articles and editorials. However, the alternatives to “formaldehyde challenged” products are not as clear. The industry is developing “low-formaldehyde” adhesive products as well as “formaldehyde-free” products. Unfortunately, these initiatives are still in the relatively early stages and some consider them to be suspect because of higher costs and / or lower performance properties. This article will review several of the more significant developments in this goal to reduce formaldehyde emission. It will describe the potential advantages and disadvantages of each and attempt to shed light on their probability of commercial success. The focus will be on newly developed and developing adhesive products. There are several challenges to developing low- or formaldehyde-free adhesives. One is the cost involved and another is developing alternatives that have physical properties.